Based on how the expressions evaluate, the program can decide to skip instructions, repeat them, or choose one of several instructions to run. Flow control statements often start with a part called the condition, and all are followed by a block of code called the clause.
Condition is just a more specific name in the context of flow control statements. Conditions always evaluate down to a Boolean value (True/False). A flow control statement decides what to do based on whether its condition is True or False.
IF Statements:
The most common type of flow control statement. An if statement's clause will execute if the statement's condition is True. The clause is skipped if the condition is False.
ELSE:
An if clause can optionally be followed by an else statement. The else clause is executed only when the if statement's condition is False.
if 100 % 2 ==0: if 101 % 2 ==0:
return 'Even' return 'Even'
else: else:
return 'Odd' return 'Odd'
ELIF Statement:
While only one of the if or else clauses will execute, you may have a case where you want one of many possible clauses to execute. The elif statement is an " else if " statement that always follows an if or another elif statement.
Ex:
x=100
if x > 100:
print( " x is greater than 100 ")
elif x < 100:
print(" x is less than 100 ")
else:
print (" x is equal to 100 ")
WHILE LOOP STATEMENT:
You can make a block of code execute over and over again with a while statement. The code in a while clause will be executed as long as the while statement's condition is True.
Ex: i = 1
while i < 6:
print( i )
i = i+1
O/P: 1
2
3
4
5
Break:
There is a shortcut to getting the program execution to break out of a while loop's clause early. If the execution reaches a break statement, it immediately exits the while loop's clause.
Ex: i = 1
while i < 6:
print( i )
if i = = 3:
break
i = i+1
O/P: 1
2
3
Continue:
Like break statements, continue statements are used inside loops. When the program execution reaches a continue statement, the program execution immediately jumps back to the start of the loop and reevaluates the loop's condition.
Ex: i = 0
while i < 6:
i = i+1
if i = = 3:
continue,
print( i )
O/P: 1
2
4
5
6
Note: Number 3 is missing.
FOR LOOP:
The while loop keeps looping while its condition is True, but what if you want to execute a block of code only a certain number of times? you can do this with a for loop statement. A for loop is used for iterating over sequence ( i.e a List, a Tuple, a Set, a Dictionary, and a String )
fruits = ['Apple' , 'Banana' , 'Cherry' ]
for x in fruits:
print(x)
O/P: Apple
Banana
Cherry
for x in range (10):
print(x)
O/P:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
for x in range (1,11,2):
print(x)
O/P:
1
3
5
7
9
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